Pengaruh Corporate Governance Terhadap Manajemen Laba Di Industri Perbankan Indonesia
MARIHOT NASUTION
Alumni Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Sebelas Maret
DODDY SETIAWAN
Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Sebelas Maret
ABSTRACT
The aims of this research at examining the influence of corporate governance mechanisms, such as, board of commisioner composition and size, and audit committee existence on the earnings management practice in public bank companies listed in Jakarta Stock Exchange. The samples of this research is all of public banks companies existed in Indonesia in the year of 2000-2004 which were listed in Jakarta Stock Exchange. The research data were collected from public bank’s financial statement for the period of 2000 until 2004, from Indonesian Banking Directory published by Bank Indonesia from 2001 until 2005, and also from each company’s websites.
Purposive sampling method was used to determine research sample. From this method, we have collected 100 observations from 20 public banks companies/5 years. By using multiple regression analysis as the research method, the results shown that corporate governance mechanisms, namely, board of commisioner composition and size, and also audit committee existence influenced earnings management of public banks companies which have been detected by using specific accrual model from Beaver and Engel (1996).
These results mean those mechanisms done by the company have succeeded to minimize the earnings mangement practice. Therefore, based on these results we can conclude that corporate governance mechanisms have worked effectively to increase company’s performance.
Keywords: corporate governance, board of commisioner, audit committee, earnings management
1. PENDAHULUAN
Year 2001 recorded in the financial scandals involving the manipulation of public company financial statements by PT Lippo Tbk and PT Kimia Farma Tbk (Boediono, 2005). It proves that the practice of manipulation of financial reports is still being done by corporate party despite being away from the crisis period of 1997-1998. One cause of this condition is the lack of implementation of corporate governance. Evidence showed the weakness of corporate governance practices in Indonesia led to deficiencies in corporate decision-making and actions (Alijoyo et al., 2004).
Corporate governance is a concept proposed for improving company performance through supervision or monitoring management performance and ensuring accountability to stakeholders by basing management on the regulatory framework. The concept of corporate governance proposed for the achievement of corporate management more transparent to all users of financial statements. If this concept is applied properly it is expected that economic growth will continue to rise in line with the transparency of the management company a better and will benefit many parties.
Corporate governance systems provide effective protection for shareholders and creditors so that they believe will get a return on their investment properly. Corporate governance also helps create an environment conducive for the creation of an efficient and sustainable growth in corporate sector. Corporate governance can be defined as an arrangement of rules that determine the relationship between shareholders, managers, creditors, governments, employees, and internal and external stakeholders the other in accordance with the rights and responsibilities (FCGI, 2003).
Research on the effectiveness of corporate governance to protect investors in Indonesia has been widely applied, among others: Midiastuty and Machfoedz (2003), Veronica and Bakhtiar (2004), Wedari (2004), and Wilopo (2004), Boediono (2005), Veronica and Main (2005), Sugiarta (2004). However, this study includes companies listing on the JSE except banking company.
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*Simposium Nasional Akuntansi 10 Makassar
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